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枚举3: exercises/enums/enums3.rs

题目

rust
// enums3.rs
//
// Address all the TODOs to make the tests pass!
//
// Execute `rustlings hint enums3` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a
// hint.

// I AM NOT DONE

enum Message {
    // TODO: implement the message variant types based on their usage below
}

struct Point {
    x: u8,
    y: u8,
}

struct State {
    color: (u8, u8, u8),
    position: Point,
    quit: bool,
    message: String
}

impl State {
    fn change_color(&mut self, color: (u8, u8, u8)) {
        self.color = color;
    }

    fn quit(&mut self) {
        self.quit = true;
    }

    fn echo(&mut self, s: String) { self.message = s }

    fn move_position(&mut self, p: Point) {
        self.position = p;
    }

    fn process(&mut self, message: Message) {
        // TODO: create a match expression to process the different message
        // variants
        // Remember: When passing a tuple as a function argument, you'll need
        // extra parentheses: fn function((t, u, p, l, e))
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    #[test]
    fn test_match_message_call() {
        let mut state = State {
            quit: false,
            position: Point { x: 0, y: 0 },
            color: (0, 0, 0),
            message: "hello world".to_string(),
        };
        state.process(Message::ChangeColor(255, 0, 255));
        state.process(Message::Echo(String::from("hello world")));
        state.process(Message::Move(Point { x: 10, y: 15 }));
        state.process(Message::Quit);

        assert_eq!(state.color, (255, 0, 255));
        assert_eq!(state.position.x, 10);
        assert_eq!(state.position.y, 15);
        assert_eq!(state.quit, true);
        assert_eq!(state.message, "hello world");
    }
}

需要我们填充TODO部分,让单元测试通过。

题目解析

先看单元测试部分,了解流程:

rust
#[test]
    fn test_match_message_call() {
        let mut state = State {
            quit: false,
            position: Point { x: 0, y: 0 },
            color: (0, 0, 0),
            message: "hello world".to_string(),
        };
        state.process(Message::ChangeColor(255, 0, 255));
        state.process(Message::Echo(String::from("hello world")));
        state.process(Message::Move(Point { x: 10, y: 15 }));
        state.process(Message::Quit);

        assert_eq!(state.color, (255, 0, 255));
        assert_eq!(state.position.x, 10);
        assert_eq!(state.position.y, 15);
        assert_eq!(state.quit, true);
        assert_eq!(state.message, "hello world");
    }

首先是创建了一个结构体State的实例state,可变类型的。 紧接着调用了四次process方法,分别处理枚举体Message的四种类型。 最后比对。

我们首先来完善枚举体Message的结构:

rust
enum Message {
    // TODO: implement the message variant types based on their usage below
    ChangeColor(u32, u32, u32), 
    Echo(String), 
    Move(Point), 
    Quit, 
}

接着完善process方法,根据单元测试代码,应该是处理不同的Message枚举体类型:

rust
fn process(&mut self, message: Message) {
        // TODO: create a match expression to process the different message
        // variants
        // Remember: When passing a tuple as a function argument, you'll need
        // extra parentheses: fn function((t, u, p, l, e))
        match message {
            Message::ChangeColor(x, y, z) => self.change_color((x, y, x)), 
            Message::Echo(s) => self.echo(s), 
            Message::Move(point) => self.move_position(point), 
            Message::Quit => self.quit(), 
        }
    }

参考资料

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